Leadership Paper
Power is the ability to influence others (Johnson & Hackman, 2018). There are many advantages
and disadvantages that come with power. In order to become a good leader and do right by followers, it
is essential to find ways to lessen the negatives that come from having power. There are many types of
power, such as reward, coercive, legitimate, expert, referent, and informational.
Reward power involves assigning direct or indirect, material or psychological compensation
(Krausz, 1986). This kind of power offers incentives in exchange for compliance, motivating individuals to
achieve goals. On the other hand, relying too much on rewards can create dependency. Rewards must
be desirable and attractive to serve as a sufficient motivator if the individuals focus on an organization's
performance (Johnson & Hackman, 2018). Coercive power is based on threatening negative
consequences for particular actions (Gabel, 2012). Threats and punishments are used in order to get
compliance from individuals. This kind of power can be detrimental to relationships, causing a lack of
trust and resentment. Legitimate power is based on one's position or title, making it easier to make
decisions and enforce rules (Johnson & Hackman, 2018). This kind of power can lead to abuse of
authority if one does not balance it with accountability (Gabel, 2012). Expert power is a person's
influence based on knowledge, experience, and expertise (Gabel, 2012). Although, it can create
arrogance and alienate others who feel inferior. People with credentials are more potent than those
without appropriate certification and are perceived as an expert more readily than others (Johnson &
Hackman, 2018). Referent power rises from personal charisma, respect, and trust. The individual
becomes the object of reference for the person who is the influence target, thus influencing the beliefs
and values of people with referent power (Gabel, 2012). This power is difficult to maintain and may only
work with some. Once depleted, it must be replenished by engaging in behavior that will produce new
feelings of affection, esteem, and support (Johnson & Hackman, 2018). Informational power is based on
access to and how one distributes data (Johnson & Hackman, 2018). This form of power overlaps in