Property Outline - OK

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Property Outline Spring 2022 I. Origins of Rights to Land ............................................................................................... 3 Doctrine of Discovery .................................................................................................................. 3 Fairness Theories of Property ...................................................................................................... 5 Welfare Theories of Property ...................................................................................................... 6 II. Controlling Land Use - The Common Law ..................................................................... 9 Introduction - Hohfeld's Taxonomy ............................................................................................. 9 Lateral Support Cases ................................................................................................................ 10 Nuisance .................................................................................................................................... 11 Light and Air ............................................................................................................................... 15 Trespass ...................................................................................................................................... 16 III. Controlling Land Use - Legislative Overlays ................................................................ 19 Zoning ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Managing Mortgages ................................................................................................................. 20 Public Housing ........................................................................................................................... 21 Promoting Equality .................................................................................................................... 21 Roads and Public Transportation ............................................................................................... 23 Reform Proposals ....................................................................................................................... 23 Constitutional Challenges to Land-Use Regulations & Constitutional Adjudication ................. 24 Takings Clause under the 5th Amendment ............................................................................... 30 IV. Subdividing Rights ...................................................................................................... 31 The Estate System ...................................................................................................................... 31 Concurrent Interests .................................................................................................................. 36 Landlords and Tenants ............................................................................................................... 41 Nonpossessory Interests ............................................................................................................ 45 V. Transferring Rights ..................................................................................................... 46 Sales ........................................................................................................................................... 46 Gifts ............................................................................................................................................ 50 Death .......................................................................................................................................... 51 Adverse Possession .................................................................................................................... 58
VI. Rights to Water .......................................................................................................... 64 Bounded Rationality and Property Law ..................................................................................... 64 Property Rights in Water ........................................................................................................... 67 VII. Rights to Animals ....................................................................................................... 72 The Sorry Story of Georges Bank ............................................................................................... 73 Success Story #1 - Lobstering .................................................................................................... 74 Success Story #2 - Salmon Fishing ............................................................................................ 75 VIII. Rights to People ......................................................................................................... 76 IX. Rights to Information ................................................................................................. 80 Health Data ................................................................................................................................ 80 Traditional Knowledge ............................................................................................................... 85 Case Studies ............................................................................................................................... 87 The Law ...................................................................................................................................... 88 Perspectives on Traditional Knowledge ..................................................................................... 89 Reform Proposals ....................................................................................................................... 91 X. Cases .......................................................................................................................... 94 Origins of Rights to Land ............................................................................................................ 94 Controlling Land Use - Nuisance ................................................................................................ 94 Controlling Land Use - Light and Air .......................................................................................... 94 Controlling Land Use - Trespass ................................................................................................. 94 Controlling Land Use - Constitutional Limitations ..................................................................... 95 Subdividing Rights - The Estate System ..................................................................................... 95 Subdividing Rights - Concurrent Interests ................................................................................. 96 Subdividing Rights - Landlords and Tenants .............................................................................. 96 Subdividing Rights - Nonpossessory Interests .......................................................................... 96 Transferring Rights - Gifts .......................................................................................................... 96 Transferring Rights - Adverse Possession .................................................................................. 96 Rights to Water .......................................................................................................................... 97 Rights to Animals ....................................................................................................................... 97 Rights to People ......................................................................................................................... 97 Rights to Information - Healthcare ........................................................................................... 97
I. Origins of Rights to Land Property law determines how rights to resources are created, defined, enforced, and terminated Real Property: rights to land and building (immovable) Personal Property: rights to objects 5 Legal Issues tied to these How do you acquire property rights? How does the law regulate use of these resources? How do you divide up rights to these resources among 2 or more people or organizations? How do you transfer among people or entities? How are rights terminated? Doctrine of Discovery Johnson and Graham's Lessee v. William M'Intosh (1823) Main Rule: Doctrine of Discovery Issues: Can the title of land granted by the indigenous chiefs be recognized by the US courts? Holding: Johnsons do not hold the title to the land in question, because the Piankeshaw did not have absolute/complete title to the land and therefore did not have the right to convey it. Affirmed. Facts: Johnson (plaintiff) suing M'Intosh for ejectment from lands in IL that were purchased from Piankeshaw Indians Cause of action = ejectment (plaintiff wants to eject defendants from land => Mc'Intosh in possession) Johnson claims land was granted in 1773 and 1775 by chiefs of Indigenous tribes of Illinois and Piankeshaw nations Defendants bought the land from the US govt 1779: Virginia declares exclusive right of preemption from Indians Right of pre-emption : also known as " first option to buy " is a contractual right to acquire certain property newly coming into existence before it can be offered to any other person or entity. 1783: Peace Treaty confirms transfer of title to state of Virginia
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