Chapter-5-lecture-notes-police-organization-structure-and-functions

.pdf
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Chapter 5 Lecture Notes Police Organization Structure and Functions Precalculus Trigonometry (Fayetteville Technical Community College) Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Chapter 5 Lecture Notes Police Organization Structure and Functions Precalculus Trigonometry (Fayetteville Technical Community College) Downloaded by Pamela Ruggles ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|29557014
Peak, Introduction to Criminal Justice Instructor Resource Chapter 5 Police Organization: Structure and Functions Summary: Organization is an entity of two or more people who cooperate to achieve an objective(s). America's policing structure is based in English and Colonial roots. The terms sheriff, constable, coroner, and justice of the peace all came from early English courts and law systems. From 1829-1860, England reformed policing with the appointment of Sir Robert Peel and the creation of the first police force. The United States went through three eras of reform: The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Era (in which we reside today). A number of federal agencies were created to protect the United States against foreign and domestic threats including the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, which houses the Customs and Border Patrol, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Transportation Security Administration, Coast Guard, and Secret Service. The Department of Justice is over the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, Drug Enforcement Administration, and the U.S. Marshals Service. Other federal agencies include the Central Intelligence Agency and the Internal Revenue Service. State agencies include the state police as well as state bureaus of investigation. Local agencies, or municipal police and sheriff's departments, enforce laws and maintain peace within specified cities or municipalities. A detailed organizational structure chart is provided to show chain of command and the various elements and their functions. Objectives: Describe the four major police-related offices and their functions that came to America from early England Discuss the three eras of policing Review events and problems that led to the current community era Diagram and explain the elements of the basic organizational structure of a local police agency Distinguish between structure and functions of municipal police departments and county sheriff's offices Explain the primary duties and titles of state-level law enforcement organizations Describe the functions of the major federal law enforcement organizations that compose the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Justice, and other selected federal agencies Relate the purposes, functions, and contributions of Interpol Explain how and why private policing was developed, and the contemporary purposes and issues of the private police Outline: Organization o An entity of two or more people who cooperate to achieve an objective(s) English and Colonial Roots: An Overview o Sheriff The chief law enforcement officer of a county, normally elected and frequently operating the jail as well as law enforcement functions Downloaded by Pamela Ruggles ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|29557014
Peak, Introduction to Criminal Justice Instructor Resource First sheriffs in America appeared in early colonial period o Constable In England, favored noblemen who were forerunners of modern-day U.S. criminal justice functionaries; largely disappearing in the United States by the 1970s o Coroner An early English court officer; today one (usually a physician) in the United States whose duty it is to determine cause of death Coroner was elected from the beginning "Coroner's inquest" determined cause of death and the party responsible for it o Justice of the Peace A minor justice official who oversees lesser criminal trials; one of the early English judicial functionaries o Police Reform in England and United States, 1829-1860 Workers protested against new machines, food riots, and an ongoing increase in crime Prime minister appointed Sir Robert Peel to establish a police force to combat the problems 1829 Metropolitan Police Act Policing Comes to the United States o The Political Era, 1840's-1930's From the 1840s to the 1930s, the period of time when police were tied closely to politics and politicians, dependent on them for being hired, promoted, and assignments—all of which raised the potential for corruption o The Reform Era, 1930's-1980's Also the professional era, from the 1930s to 1980s, when police sought to extricate themselves from the shackles of politicians, and leading to the crime-fighter era—with greater emphases being placed on numbers of arrests, citations, response times, and so on o The Community Era, 1980's-Present Beginning in about 1980, a time when the police retrained to work with the community to solve problems by looking at their underlying causes and developing tailored responses to them Selected Federal Agencies o Department of Homeland Security Established 2002 and became most significant transformation of the U.S. government in over a half-century Customs and Border Patrol (CBP): preventing terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering United States while facilitating the flow or legitimate trade and travel Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE): identifying and shutting down vulnerabilities both in the nation's borders and in economic, transportation, and infrastructure security Downloaded by Pamela Ruggles ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|29557014
Uploaded by pruggles05 on coursehero.com